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+.\" ========================================================================
+.\"
+.IX Title "HEX2BIN 1"
+.TH HEX2BIN 1 "2015-02-28" "perl v5.18.2" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
+.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
+.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
+.if n .ad l
+.nh
+.SH "NAME"
+hex2bin/mot2bin  \e\- converts Intel/Motorola  hex files into binary
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
+hex2bin [options] file
+.PP
+Option list:
+    [\-c]
+    [\-C Poly Init RefIn RefOut XorOut]
+    [\-e extension]
+    [\-E 0|1]
+    [\-f address]
+    [\-F address value]
+    [\-k checksum type]
+    [\-l length]
+    [\-m minimum block size]
+    [\-p pad byte]
+    [\-r start end]
+    [\-s address]
+    [\-w]
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
+\&\fBHex2bin\fR
+is a program that converts an Intel hex format into binary.
+It can handle the extended Intel hex format. Both the segmented
+and linear address records are supported.
+Records need not be sorted and there can be gaps between records.
+Records are assumed to be non-overlapping.
+Padding bytes may be specified and a checksum may be inserted in the
+binary file.
+.PP
+\&\fBMot2bin\fR
+does the same with Motorola hex files. It has the same features and command line
+options. 24 bit and 32 bit records are supported.
+.SH "OPTIONS"
+.IX Header "OPTIONS"
+Options can be specified in any order, with the file name at the end. Options are
+now case sensitive. All option values are specified in hexadecimal.
+.PP
+\&\fB\-c\fR
+.PP
+Enables checksum verification.
+.PP
+By default, it ignores checksum errors in the hex file, so that someone can change
+by hand some bytes with a text editor, allowing quick fixes without recompiling a source
+code all over again. This is useful when tweaking constants directly in the code or
+something similar. If you want checksum error reporting, specify the option \-c.
+.PP
+\&\fBEx.: hex2bin \-c example.hex\fR
+.PP
+If there is a checksum error somewhere, the program will continue the
+conversion anyway.
+.PP
+\&\fB\-C Poly Init RefIn RefOut XorOut\fR
+.PP
+\&\s-1CRC\s0 parameters. See the doc/CRC list.txt file for a description of common CRCs. See also
+the test/Makefile for examples of command lines. Needs \fB\-k\fR and \fB\-f\fR option.
+RefIn and RefOut parameters are specified by \fBt\fR or \fBf\fR for true or false.
+.PP
+\&\fB\-d\fR
+.PP
+Display the list of available check methods and sizes.
+.PP
+\&\fB\-e extension\fR
+.PP
+By default, the output file will have an extension \fBfilename.bin\fR.
+Another extension may be specified with this command:
+.PP
+\&\fBEx.: hex2bin \-e com example.hex\fR
+.PP
+The output file will be example.com
+.PP
+\&\fB\-E 0|1\fR
+.PP
+Endianness for writing the check result or forcing a 16\-bit value.
+    \fB0\fR: little, \fB1\fR: big.
+.PP
+By default, little endian is used.
+.PP
+\&\fB\-f address\fR
+.PP
+Address in hexadecimal for inserting the check value in the binary file. Needs \fB\-k\fR
+option to specify the check method. A range can be specified with option \fB\-r\fR.
+.PP
+\&\fB\-F address value\fR
+.PP
+Address and value of checksum to insert (force) in the binary file. Needs \fB\-k\fR
+option to specify the size. The value is written as is.
+.PP
+\&\fB\-k 0\-4\fR
+.PP
+In many cases, someone needs to insert a check value in the binary file. For example,
+a boot rom is programmed with a checksum which is verified at power-up. This feature
+uses also options \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-C\fR and \fB\-f\fR. Display the list with \fB\-d\fR.
+.PP
+Select the checksum type to insert into the binary file
+ 0:  Checksum  8\-bit
+ 1:  Checksum 16\-bit
+ 2:  \s-1CRC8
+ 3:  CRC16
+ 4:  CRC32\s0
+.PP
+\&\fB\-l length\fR
+.PP
+The binary file will be padded with \s-1FF\s0 or pad bytes as specified by the option
+below, up to a maximal Length (Starting address + Length \-1 is Max Address)
+.PP
+\&\fB\-m minimum_block_size\fR
+.PP
+File Size Dimension will be a multiple of Minimum block size.
+File will be filled with Pattern.
+Length must be a power of 2 in hexadecimal [see \fB\-l\fR option]
+Attention this option is \s-1STRONGER\s0 than Maximal Length
+.PP
+\&\fB\-p pad_byte\fR
+.PP
+Pads unused locations with the specified byte.
+.PP
+By default, this byte is \s-1FF,\s0 which is the unprogrammed value for most EPROM/EEPROM/Flash.
+.PP
+\&\fBEx.: hex2bin \-p 3E example.hex\fR
+.PP
+\&\fB\-r [start] [end]\fR
+.PP
+Range to compute binary checksum over (default is min and max addresses)
+.PP
+\&\fB\-s address\fR
+.PP
+Specify the starting address of the binary file.
+.PP
+Normally, hex2bin will generate a binary file starting at the lowest address in
+the hex file. If the lowest address isn't 0000, ex: 0100, the first byte that
+should be at 0100 will be stored at address 0000 in the binary file. This may
+cause problems when using the binary file to program an \s-1EPROM.\s0
+.PP
+If you can't specify the starting address (or offset) to your \s-1EPROM\s0 programmer,
+you can specify a starting address on the command line:
+.PP
+\&\fBEx.: hex2bin \-s 0000 records_start_at_0100.hex\fR
+.PP
+The bytes will be stored in the binary file with a padding from 0000 to the
+lowest address (00FF in this case). Padding bytes are all \s-1FF\s0 by default so an \s-1EPROM\s0
+programmer can skip these bytes when programming. The padding value can be changed
+with the \-p option.
+.PP
+\&\fB\-w\fR
+.PP
+Swap wordwise (low <\-> high). Used by Microchip's \s-1MPLAB IDE\s0
+.SH "NOTES"
+.IX Header "NOTES"
+This program does minimal error checking since many hex files are
+generated by known good assemblers.
+.SH "AUTHOR Jacques Pelletier (jpelletier@ieee.org) \- version 2.0"
+.IX Header "AUTHOR Jacques Pelletier (jpelletier@ieee.org) - version 2.0"